ABSTRACT
The repercussions of the global COVID-19 pandemic are far-reaching and extend to the ways in which scholars conduct disaster research. Research on children and disasters is no exception. Focusing on methodologies, this paper explores the methodological constraints and innovations of studying children during the current crisis, and the implications for post-pandemic research on children and disasters. We begin by reviewing research methodologies to study children and disasters, drawing upon scholarly and grey literature as well as on our own research project on the pandemic experiences of children, adolescents, and older adults. We then discuss how these research approaches, tools, and spaces have changed during the pandemic. Methodological adaptation and innovation are necessary because traditional data collection methods are largely not feasible during the current pandemic;for example, many researchers cannot travel to the disaster site, hold in-person focus groups, interview children and their families face-to-face, or conduct extensive participant observation in places people would usually frequent. We pay particular attention to research ethics issues, including the challenges of navigating the research design process when children are involved. We contend that the massive adoption of online methods during the COVID-19 pandemic is laying the foundation for a seventh wave of research on children and disasters characterized by the integration of in-person and virtual worlds, and of in-person and virtual research methods. Rather than initiating this transition to a hybrid or blended model, the pandemic is accelerating the transition, and compelling more of the research community to engage than might have otherwise. The "bricolage" of methods originating in both in-person and virtual fields, adapted in various ways for both in-person and virtual fields, is better attuned to the spaces where children live their lives, and the ways in which they live their lives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
This article examines the role of traditional knowledge, skills, and values in fostering resilience in Vanuatu, the world's most at-risk country from natural hazards. We study responses to severe Tropical Cyclone (TC) Harold, which devastated the nation's northern islands in April 2020 just as a state of emergency had been declared in response to COVID-19. This necessitated severe restrictions on the delivery of relief supplies and a ban on the arrival of overseas humanitarian workers, forcing remote communities to adopt local responses to the emergency and cope with food insecurity through traditional resilience strategies and values that promote resource-sharing and cooperation. We use a mixed methods approach to analyse the content, extent, and transmission of traditional knowledge in Vanuatu and link this to evidence of its usefulness during TC Harold. Quantitative data from field surveys with two groups of respondents are combined with reports on responses to TC Harold both nationally and along the remote western coast of Santo Island. We also review the extent of traditional knowledge in current educational curricula in Vanuatu. Results illustrate how traditional ecological knowledge and social capital played a key role in disaster response and recovery, but such knowledge is mainly held by older people, and its use by younger generations is declining. We conclude that with rising global temperatures predicted to generate more extreme weather events, and external funds for disaster relief likely to decline, there is a need to build greater adaptive capacity at the local level through the revival of centuries-old informal transmission pathways of knowledge and values. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
This chapter presents case examples of eco-anxiety in Africa. The rural communities in Zambia are highly dependent on agriculture, which has already been much affected by the climate crisis. The chapter examines various reactions and coping methods, along with gaps where further research is needed. It analyzes eco-anxiety and the anxiety and hysteria brought about by COVID-19. It has shown that although humans and nature have lived symbiotically for centuries, anthropogenic activities were detrimental to this relationship. Therefore, for humans to enjoy their ancient relationship with nature, their destructive activities on nature needed to be minimized. However, there have been some exaggerations regarding the effects of climate change. Predictions of doom, extinction, and other alarming words were more responsible for eco-anxiety. Despite these alarms and actual danger, humans could adapt. As the world was coming to terms with climate change and eco-anxiety, COVID-19 emerged with even more devastation and threats to humanity. Unlike climate change, COVID-19 was sudden, fast, and fatal while restricting human activities, thereby affecting all aspects of life. It was therefore more anxiety-causing than climate change. Future research should focus on reducing alarmism, enhancing human adaptation to climate change, minimizing its effects, and preparing for pandemics. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Since the last twenty years, and more especially after the COVID 19 health crisis, the mountain ranges of Cordoba (Argentina) has been experiencing an accelerated process of demographic growth and urban expansion. The change from rural to urban land use is identified as the basis of a process of territorial transformation that exacerbates pre-existing local problems. This paper aims to analyse the socio-environmental impact of urban development in the Para-vachasca Valley in order to identify the challenges for the environmental management of the territory of small towns of landscape and environmental value that involve a sustainability per-spective. In order to do so, we analysed the processes of territorial defence related with the so-cio-environmental issues that affect these spaces. Results are presented in relation to narratives that place care for the environment and more sustainable ways of living at the centre. © 2023, Universidad de Granada. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Panic buying (PB) during disasters is a global phenomenon, though underresearched. However, with the COVID-19 pandemic, it has gained prominence because of its adverse consequences. It has a reciprocal relationship with crises, i.e., it occurs during crises and can lead to the worsening of problems. PB can have different characteristics according to the type of disaster. The proposed models to understand the underlying mechanism of the PB include the causal model, cognitive model, model-driven causal factors, stimulus-organism-response and dual-system theory model, ABC model concerning social media information and compulsive PB, cultural dimension model, etc. Understanding the determinants of this behavior can help predict, prevent, and manage this condition, thus having public health and welfare implications during crises. This chapter intends to highlight the significant disasters and associated PB behavior, how PB behavior can affect disaster management, and the underlying mechanism of PB and its determinants. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
The article presents an introduction to the special issue on reciprocity. The notion of reciprocity was the primary confluence theme. The word reciprocal comes from the Latin, reciprocus, meaning to move backward and forward. Reciprocity is easy enough to understand as a concept, but it is challenging to manifest. We are habitually human-focused, continuously concerned with ourselves, and too commonly unaware of ourselves as a profoundly impactful part of nature. As a consequence, we end up forgetting the other half of the equation, the back-and forth- ing required for all of us to be healthy. Confluence participants were encouraged to submit articles to this special issue of Ecopsychology, but the invitation for submissions went out more broadly to anyone inspired by the confluence themes. In the interval between the confluence and publication of this special issue, the world was turned upside down by the novel coronavirus. This pandemic and the isolation, reflection, and quarantines it has spawned made the fundamental human need to connect with the natural world even more self-evident, becoming the subject of numerous mainstream news stories and highlighting the value of Nature for human health. However, in the midst of widespread panic, it has created a context in which recognition of the healing value of nature was markedly one-sided, lacking in any impulse toward reciprocity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
The focus for this Forum is the new, or perhaps youth, climate movement starting with the school strikes in 2018, growing in intensity and significance through 2019, stifled by the Covid-19 pandemic, but continuing to build hope in what may be a more ecologically sustainable global society as a result of the enforced slowing down and cooling down of hitherto overheated and unsustainable globalisation, as a result of the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
The theme of transience admits a wide range of meanings involving psychoanalysis from various perspectives. This article tackles the challenges and anxieties involved in living and working during the Covid-19 pandemic. It considers the notion of time "out of joint" and living with uncertainty, both implied in a different notion of time in psychoanalysis as characterized by rupture in continuities. The paper focuses on the impact of these facts on the processes of subjectivation. Themes of migration and refugees and the issue of climate change in times of uncertainty such as the present are also discussed. Interwoven are reflections on war conflicts, highlighting the ideas of Hanna Segal, who pleaded for peace and against the use of nuclear weapons. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Abstract (Portuguese) O tema das Transitoriedades admite um amplo leque de sentidos que implicam a psicanalise de varias perspectivas. Neste trabalho, sera apresentada uma visao sobre os desafios e as ansiedades decorrentes da experiencia de viver e trabalhar durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Sera abordada a nocao de um tempo "fora dos eixos", refletindo tambem sobre o convivio com a incerteza e relacionando esses dois aspectos a uma visao diferente do tempo na psicanalise, caracterizado pela ruptura de continuidade. O foco do presente trabalho sera o impacto desses fatos nos processos de subjetivagao. Tambem sera discutido o tema das migragoes e dos refugiados e a problematica da mudanga climatica em tempos de incerteza como os atuais. Serao tecidas consideracoes em torno dos conflitos belicos, ressaltando as ideias de Hanna Segal, que advogou pela paz e lutou contra o uso de armas nucleares. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Abstract (Spanish) El tema de les Transitoriedades admite un amplio abanico de sentidos que implican al psicoanalisis en varias perspectivas. Se presentara una vision sobre los desafios y la ansiedad que han implicado vivir y trabajar durante la pandemia del Covid-19. Se tratara sobre la nocion de un tiempo dislocado y tambien, sobre la convivencia con la incertidumbre, ambos implicados en una nocion diferente sobre el tiempo en psicoanalisis caracterizado por la ruptura en las continuidades. El trabajo se centra en el impacto de estos hechos en los procesos de subjetivacion. Se discutira el tema de las migraciones y refugiados y la problematica del cambio climatico en tiempos de incertidumbre como los actuales. Se incluiran reflexiones sobre losconflictos belicos, resaltando las ideas de Hanna Segal quien brego por la paz y en contra del uso de armas nucleates. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the role of music in relation to crises. It applies ecomusicological theory and argues that music can address complex eco-social issues, such as the effects of climate change in the form of excessive heat in Lagos and the ecological disasters in the Niger delta. In addition to phone interviews, the chapter uses musical, textual, and video data to analyze the contributions of many musicians amidst the coronavirus pandemic. The chapter analyzes the trajectories of the pandemic and the environmental crises and the time of global lockdown which help reduce the rate of air travel, road travel and other activities that increases climate change and global warming. Using musical narratives, the chapter attempts to determine if there has been any significant reduction in the environmental disaster and climatic change and sustainability within the past few months of the global pandemic and how specifically this sustainability has benefited the southern part of Nigeria. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
The corona virus disease (COVID-19) was declared to be a public health emergency of international concern in January 2020 and the outbreak was declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health organization. COVID-19 affects people differently, with some people remaining asymptomatic, some exhibiting mild symptoms and others developing severe complications. As of November 2020, more than 61,000,000 people have been identified to have contracted the infection and more than 1,440,000 associated deaths have been confirmed globally. Given the varied response of infected people and the ease with which the disease is spreading, many measures have been adopted world wide to minimize the spread of the disease. These steps include lockdowns, controlled operations in cities, travel bans and restrictions, work from home, ban on gatherings, the use of masks, social distancing practices, isolation and quarantine practices and frequent washing of hands. The measures adopted have triggered a plethora of environmental effects some positive and some negative. The purpose of this paper is to highlight various environmental impacts of the COVID -19 globally and to recognize critical environmental issues magnified by the outbreak. © 2023, Canadian Society for Civil Engineering.
ABSTRACT
PurposeThis paper aims to empirically examine the performance of the high-ESG (environment, social and governance) portfolio vis-a-vis the low-ESG portfolio at the Indian stock market before and during the Covid19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approachThe absolute rate of return and several risk-adjusted performance measures, for instance, Sharpe ratio, Modigliani-Modigliani measure, Treynor ratio, Jensen's alpha, information ratio, Fama's decomposition measure and Fama and French's three-factor model, have been used in this study along with the t-test. FindingsAll three indices (CARBONEX, GREENEX and BSE 500) had better returns during Covid19 period as compared to the pre-Covid19 period. However, these returns were not statistically significant. During Covid19, the risk of the indices also rose, but they provided better returns for the additional risk taken. Finally, it is concluded that the performance of high-ESG and low-ESG stock portfolios did not differ significantly in both periods. Practical implicationsThe study is relevant to individual and institutional investors, financial advisors, portfolio managers, corporations, policymakers, market regulators and society at large. Social implicationsThis study emphasized the need to expand the role of ESG investment in India for the benefit of people, communities and society as a whole. Originality/valueThis research is the first of its kind, to the best of the authors' knowledge, that compares the performance of a high-ESG portfolio with a low-ESG portfolio both before and during the Covid19, particularly in the Indian context.
ABSTRACT
Panic buying (PB) during disasters is a global phenomenon, though underresearched. However, with the COVID-19 pandemic, it has gained prominence because of its adverse consequences. It has a reciprocal relationship with crises, i.e., it occurs during crises and can lead to the worsening of problems. PB can have different characteristics according to the type of disaster. The proposed models to understand the underlying mechanism of the PB include the causal model, cognitive model, model-driven causal factors, stimulus-organism-response and dual-system theory model, ABC model concerning social media information and compulsive PB, cultural dimension model, etc. Understanding the determinants of this behavior can help predict, prevent, and manage this condition, thus having public health and welfare implications during crises. This chapter intends to highlight the significant disasters and associated PB behavior, how PB behavior can affect disaster management, and the underlying mechanism of PB and its determinants. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
(Portuguese) O tema das Transitoriedades admite um amplo leque de sentidos que implicam a psicanalise de varias perspectivas. Neste trabalho, sera apresentada uma visao sobre os desafios e as ansiedades decorrentes da experiencia de viver e trabalhar durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Sera abordada a nocao de um tempo "fora dos eixos", refletindo tambem sobre o convivio com a incerteza e relacionando esses dois aspectos a uma visao diferente do tempo na psicanalise, caracterizado pela ruptura de continuidade. O foco do presente trabalho sera o impacto desses fatos nos processos de subjetivagao. Tambem sera discutido o tema das migragoes e dos refugiados e a problematica da mudanga climatica em tempos de incerteza como os atuais. Serao tecidas consideracoes em torno dos conflitos belicos, ressaltando as ideias de Hanna Segal, que advogou pela paz e lutou contra o uso de armas nucleares. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Spanish) El tema de les Transitoriedades admite un amplio abanico de sentidos que implican al psicoanalisis en varias perspectivas. Se presentara una vision sobre los desafios y la ansiedad que han implicado vivir y trabajar durante la pandemia del Covid-19. Se tratara sobre la nocion de un tiempo dislocado y tambien, sobre la convivencia con la incertidumbre, ambos implicados en una nocion diferente sobre el tiempo en psicoanalisis caracterizado por la ruptura en las continuidades. El trabajo se centra en el impacto de estos hechos en los procesos de subjetivacion. Se discutira el tema de las migraciones y refugiados y la problematica del cambio climatico en tiempos de incertidumbre como los actuales. Se incluiran reflexiones sobre losconflictos belicos, resaltando las ideas de Hanna Segal quien brego por la paz y en contra del uso de armas nucleates. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Climate change mitigation has been one of the world's most salient issues for the past three decades. However, global policy attention has been partially diverted to address the COVID-19 pandemic for the past 2 y. Here, we explore the impact of the pandemic on the frequency and content of climate change discussions on Twitter for the period of 2019 to 2021. Consistent with the "finite pool of worry" hypothesis both at the annual level and on a daily basis, a larger number of COVID-19 cases and deaths is associated with a smaller number of "climate change" tweets. Climate change discussion on Twitter decreased, despite 1) a larger Twitter daily active usage in 2020 and 2021, 2) greater coverage of climate change in the traditional media in 2021, 3) a larger number of North Atlantic Ocean hurricanes, and 4) a larger wildland fires area in the United States in 2020 and 2021. Further evidence supporting the finite pool of worry is the significant relationship between daily COVID-19 cases/deaths on the one hand and the public sentiment and emotional content of climate change tweets on the other. In particular, increasing COVID-19 numbers decrease negative sentiment in climate change tweets and the emotions related to worry and anxiety, such as fear and anger. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement According to Weber's psychological theory of the finite pool of worry, people avoid dealing with multiple negative events at the same time. Consistent with this theory, as people worry more about the COVID-19 pandemic, they tend to neglect the problem of climate change. Here, we examine the number and content of climate change discussions on Twitter from 2019 through 2021. We show that as COVID-19 cases and deaths increase, climate change tweets have a less negative sentiment. There is also less content associated with fear and anger, the emotions related to worry and anxiety. These results support the finite pool of worry hypothesis and imply that the pandemic redirects public attention from the important problem of climate change mitigation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Since early 2020, researchers have made efforts to study various issues related to cities and the pandemic. Despite the wealth of research on this topic, there are only a few review articles that explore multiple issues related to it. This is partly because of the rapid pace of publications that makes systematic literature review challenging. To address this issue, in the present study, we rely on bibliometric analysis techniques to gain an overview of the knowledge structure and map key themes and trends of research on cities and the pandemic. Results of the analysis of 2,799 articles show that research mainly focuses on six broad themes: air quality, meteorological factors, built environment factors, transportation, socio-economic disparities, and smart cities, with the first three being dominant. Based on the findings, we discuss major lessons that can be learned from the pandemic and highlight key areas that need further research.
ABSTRACT
The corona virus disease (COVID-19) was declared to be a public health emergency of international concern in January 2020 and the outbreak was declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health organization. COVID-19 affects people differently, with some people remaining asymptomatic, some exhibiting mild symptoms and others developing severe complications. As of November 2020, more than 61,000,000 people have been identified to have contracted the infection and more than 1,440,000 associated deaths have been confirmed globally. Given the varied response of infected people and the ease with which the disease is spreading, many measures have been adopted world wide to minimize the spread of the disease. These steps include lockdowns, controlled operations in cities, travel bans and restrictions, work from home, ban on gatherings, the use of masks, social distancing practices, isolation and quarantine practices and frequent washing of hands. The measures adopted have triggered a plethora of environmental effects some positive and some negative. The purpose of this paper is to highlight various environmental impacts of the COVID -19 globally and to recognize critical environmental issues magnified by the outbreak. © 2023, Canadian Society for Civil Engineering.
ABSTRACT
Diesel and gasoline are the most used fossil fuels due to their high energy release and low cost for engines. However, the emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gases has caused severe environmental issues, and emission regulations are becoming stricter. Recently, several advances in emission control technologies for fossil fuel engines have been available, which need to be reviewed to manifest future research. Here, we reviewed the primary pollutants emitted from the diesel and gasoline-powered engines, their formation process, and the present technologies to control the emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, this review concentrates on a particular matter (PM2.5 and PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and greenhouse gases (water vapor, CO2, N2O, etc.) as exhaust emissions, the difficulties they cause, and the strategies employed to reduce emissions. This review also provides a framework for understanding how to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gasses generated by diesel and gasoline-powered engines.
ABSTRACT
In this exciting new collection, leading and emerging Lacanian scholars seek to understand what psychoanalysis brings to debates about the environment and the climate crisis. They argue that we cannot understand climate change and all of its multifarious ramifications without first understanding how our terrifying proximity to the real undergirds our relation to the environment, how we mistake lack for loss and mourning for melancholy, and how we seek to destroy the same world we seek to protect. The book traces Lacan's contribution through a consideration of topics including doomsday preppers, forest suicides, Indigenous resistance, post-apocalyptic films, the mathematics of climate science, and the relevance of Kant. They ask: What can you do if your neighbour is a climate change denier? What would Bartleby do? Does the animal desire? Who is cleaning up all the garbage on the internet? Why is the sudden greening of the planet under COVID-19 no help whatsoever? (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Businesses are changing their functional operations through adapting to green practices which has become a need of the hour. With the incorporation of green marketing, beliefs and attitude of consumers are also changing in favor of those companies who consider the environmental issues into their processes. Although green practices are increasingly adopted in the restaurant industry, there is not much research in terms of investigating the attitude of consumers towards dining in green restaurants. The willingness to pay more for green initiatives has also been studied across the globe. Issues like pandemic, global warming and scarcity of resources are adversely affecting growth of the restaurant industry. Green practices are subsequently gaining importance in post covid world. Consumers' preference for health and wellbeing has also grown in post pandemic time. Level of consumer awareness towards adoption of green products is still not very encouraging. Brands have been communicating green benefits to create differentiation and enhance recall value to consumer. In order to create the strong impact of green concept, attitude and awareness of consumers towards accepting green practices need to be thoroughly studied. Present research work is aimed to study consumer awareness towards green products and overall sustainability of environment with respect to restaurant industry. This study presents a framework for measurement of consumer attitude.
ABSTRACT
Prior research suggests that reliance on news media is dramatically increased during a public health crisis because people need more information to reduce their anxiety levels. This is an ideal situation for editorialists to influence the public policy-making process around certain social issues related to that health crisis, particularly if established by the scientific community. Drawing on media dependency theory and editorial journalism conceptual framework, we analyzed the editorial coverage of environmental issues in four leading majority world English language newspapers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings suggest that in relation to advocating environmental issues, the editorialists either ignored linking environmental issues to the pandemic or, if they established a link, gave negligible coverage, hence seem to have failed to perform their normative role. Thus, we recommend that civic advocacy groups help build the news media capacity regarding how to cover environmental issues amid a pandemic © 2022. (Shafiq Ahmad Kamboh, Muhammad Ittefaq, and Muhammad Yousaf). Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at http://ijoc.org